Potable Water Systems
Arrangement of Piping
(1)Fixtures supplied with separate hot and cold water controls shall have the hot water control on the left and the cold on the right.
(1.1)Where hot and cold water are mixed and the temperature is regulated by a single, unmarked, manual control, a movement to the left shall increase the temperature and a movement to the right shall decrease the temperature.
(2)In a hot water distribution system of a developed length of more than 30 m or supplying more than 4 storeys, the water temperature shall be maintained by
- (a) recirculation, or
- (b) a self-regulating heat tracing system.
(1)A water distribution system shall be installed so that the system can be drained or blown out with air and outlets for this purpose shall be provided.
(1)A building control valve shall be provided
- (a) on every water service pipe at the location where the water service pipe enters the building, or
- (b) on the water distribution system at a location immediately downstream of the point of entry treatment unit, where the building is served by a point of entry treatment unit located in the building.
(2)Pipes that convey water from a gravity water tank or from a private water supply system shall be fitted with a shut-off valve at the source of supply.
(2.1)Except as provided in Sentence (2.2), a drain port shall be provided on the water distribution system immediately downstream of the building control valve required by Sentence (1) and if there is a meter, the drain port shall be installed immediately downstream of the meter on the water distribution system.
(2.2)Where the building control valve required by Sentence (1) is of NPS 1or smaller, the drain port may be an integral part of the building control valve in the form of a stop and waste valve and the drain port shall be located on the water distribution system side of the stop and waste valve.
(3)Except for risers that serve only one dwelling unit, risers shall be provided with a shut-off valve located at the source of supply.
(4)Water closets shall be provided with a shut-off valve on their water supply pipe.
(5)In buildings of residential occupancy that contain more than one dwelling unit, a shut-off valve shall be installed where the water supply enters each dwelling unit, so that, when the water supply to one suite is shut off, the water supply to the remainder of the building is not interrupted.
(6)In buildings of other than residential occupancy, shut-off valves shall be provided on the water supply to
- (a) every fixture, or
- (b) any group of fixtures in the same room, except as provided in Sentence (4).
(7)Pipes that supply water to a hot water tank shall be provided with a shut-off valve located close to the tank.
(8)Where the water supply is to be metered, the installation of the meter, including the piping that is part of the meter installation and the valving arrangement for the meter installation, shall be according to the water purveyor's requirements.
(9)For the purpose of identifying the pipe material where plastic water pipe is used underground for a service pipe, the end of the pipe inside the building shall be brought above ground for a distance not less than 300 mm and not greater than 450 mm.
(1)The water supply to each fixture in a washroom for public use shall be individually valved and each valve shall be accessible.
(1)Every water pipe that supplies a hot water tank, pressure vessel, plumbing appliance or water using device shall be provided with a shut-off valve located close to the tank, pressure vessel, plumbing appliance or water using device.
(1)Pipes that pass through an exterior wall to supply water to the exterior of the building shall be provided with
- (a) a frost-proof hydrant, or
- (b) a stop-and-waste cock located inside the building and close to the wall.
(1)A check valve shall be installed at the building end of a water service pipe where the pipe is made of plastic that is suitable for cold water use only.
(1)Flushing devices that serve water closets or urinals shall have sufficient capacity and be adjusted to deliver at each operation a volume of water that will thoroughly flush the fixture or fixtures they serve.
(2)Where a manually operated flushing device is installed, it shall serve only one fixture.
(3)Except as provided in Sentence (4), water closets and urinals shall have an integral means of limiting the maximum amount of water used in each flush cycle to that specified in Table 7.6.1.6.-A.
(4)In buildings classified as Group C occupancy, the flush cycle for each fixture that is a water closet or urinal shall not exceed the maximum water used in each flush cycle listed for that fixture in Table 7.6.41.6.-B.
(4.1)Sentences (3) and (4) do not apply to a fixture located in an existing building where the chief building official is satisfied that compliance with the requirement is impracticable because of maintenance or operational difficulties.
(5)Flush-tank-type urinals shall be equipped with a device capable of preventing flush cycles when they are not in use.
| Fixtures | Maximum Water Usage per Flush Cycle, LPF |
|---|---|
| Water Closet (Tank Type) | 6.0 |
| Water Closet (Direct Flush) | 6.0 |
| Urinal (Tank Type) | 1.9 |
| Urinal (Direct Flush) | 1.9 |
| Fixtures | Maximum Water Usage per Flush Cycle, LPF |
|---|---|
| Water Closet (Tank Type) | 4.8 |
| Water Closet (Direct Flush) | 4.8 |
| Urinal (Tank Type) | 1.9 |
| Urinal (Direct Flush) | 1.9 |
(1)Every pressure vessel that is part of a plumbing system or connected to a plumbing system shall be equipped with a pressure-relief valve designed to open when the water pressure in the tank reaches the rated working pressure of the tank, and so located that the pressure in the tank shall not exceed 1 100 kPa or one-half the maximum test pressure sustained by the tank, whichever is the lesser.
(2)The hot water tank of a storage-type service water heater shall be equipped with a temperature-relief valve with a temperature-sensing element
- (a) located within the top 150 mm of the tank, and
- (b) designed to open and discharge sufficient water from the tank to keep the temperature of the water in the tank from exceeding 99°C under all operating conditions.
(3)A pressure-relief valve and temperature-relief valve may be combined where Sentences (1) and (2) are complied with.
(4)Indirect service water heaters shall be equipped with
- (a) a pressure-relief valve, and
- (b) a temperature-relief valve on every storage tank that forms part of the system.
(5)Pipes that convey water from a temperature-relief, pressure-relief, or a combined temperature- and pressure-relief valve shall
- (a) be of a nominal pipe size at least equal to the NPS of the outlet of the valve,
- (b) be rigid, slope downward from the valve, and terminate with an indirect connection above a floor drain, sump, or other safe location, with an air break of not more than 300 mm,
- (c) have no thread at its outlet, and
- (d) be capable of operating at a temperature of not less than 99°C.
(6)The temperature-relief valve required in Clause (4)(b) shall
- (a) have a temperature-sensing element located within the top 150 mm of the tank, and
- (b) be designed to open and discharge sufficient water to keep the temperature of the water in the tank from exceeding 99°C under all operating conditions.
(7)No shut-off valve shall be installed on the pipe between any tank and the relief valves or on the discharge lines from such relief valves.
(1)Systems for solar heating of potable water shall be installed in conformance with CAN/CSA-F383, "Installation of packaged solar domestic hot water systems."
(1)Provision shall be made to protect the water distribution system from the adverse effects of water hammer.
(1)A water service pipe intended to serve a mobile home shall
- (a) be not less than NPS ¾,
- (b) terminate above ground, and
- (c) be provided with
- (i) a tamperproof terminal connection that is capable of being repeatedly connected, disconnected and sealed,
- (ii) a protective concrete pad,
- (iii) a means to protect it from frost heave, and
- (iv) a curb stop and a means of draining that part of the pipe located above the frost line when not in use.
(1)Where thermal expansion can occur, protection shall be provided for
- (a) check valves required by Article 7.6.1.5.,
- (b) backflow preventers required by Sentence 7.6.2.1.(3), and
- (c) pressure-reducing valves required by Article 2.6.3.3.
Protection from Contamination
(1)Connections to potable water systems shall be designed and installed so that non-potable water or substances that may render the water non-potable cannot enter the system.
(2)Reserved.
(3)Backflow preventers shall be selected and installed in conformance with CSA B64.10, "Selection and installation of backflow preventers."
(3.1)No connection shall be made between a potable water system supplied with water from a drinking water system and any other potable water system without the consent of the water purveyor.
(1)Every potable water system that supplies a fixture or tank that is not subject to pressures above atmospheric shall be protected against back-siphonage by a backflow preventer.
(2)Where a potable water supply is connected to a boiler, tank, cooling jacket, lawn sprinkler system or other device where a non-potable fluid may be under pressure that is above atmospheric or the water outlet may be submerged in the non-potable fluid, the water supply shall be protected against backflow by a backflow preventer.
(1)Except as provided in Sentence (3) and Articles 7.6.2.4. to 7.6.2.6., where a backflow preventer is required by this Subsection, the backflow preventer shall be selected, installed and tested in conformance with CSA B64.10, "Selection and installation of backflow preventers."
(2)Backflow preventers shall be provided in conformance with Sentence 7.2.10.10.(1).
(3)Tank-type water closet valves shall be provided with a back-siphonage preventer in conformance with Sentence 7.2.10.10.(2).
(1)A backflow preventer shall not be required in residential full flow-through fire sprinkler/standpipe systems in which the pipes and fittings are constructed of potable water system materials.
(2)Except as required by Sentence (4), potable water system connections to fire sprinkler and standpipe systems shall be protected against backflow caused by back-siphonage or back pressure in conformance with Clauses (a) to (g), as applicable:
- (a) residential partial flow-through fire sprinkler/standpipe systems in which the pipes and fittings are constructed of potable water system materials shall be protected by a dual check valve backflow preventer conforming to
- (i) CSA B64.6, "Dual check valve (DuC) backflow preventers," or
- (ii) CSA B64.6.1, "Dual check valve backflow preventers for fire protection systems (DuCF),"
- (b) provided that the systems do not use antifreeze or other additives of any kind and that all pipes and fittings are constructed of potable water system materials, Class 1 fire sprinkler/standpipe systems shall be protected by a single or dual check valve backflow preventer conforming to
- (i) CSA B64.6, "Dual check valve (DuC) backflow preventers," or
- (ii) CSA B64.9, "Single check valve backflow preventers for fire protection systems (SCVAF),"
- (c) provided that the systems do not use antifreeze or other additives of any kind, Class 1 fire sprinkler/standpipe systems not covered by Clause (b) as well as Class 2 and Class 3 fire sprinkler/standpipe systems shall be protected by a double check valve backflow preventer conforming to
- (i) CSA B64.5, "Double check valve (DCVA) backflow preventers," or
- (ii) CSA B64.5.1, "Double check valve backflow preventers for fire protection systems (DCVAF),"
- (d) Class 1, Class 2 or Class 3 Class 3 fire sprinkler/standpipe systems in which antifreeze or other additives are used shall be protected by a reduced pressure principle backflow preventer conforming to
- (i) CSA B64.4, "Reduced pressure principle (RP) backflow preventers," or
- (ii) CSA B64.4.1, "Reduced pressure principle backflow preventers for fire protection systems (RPF),"
- (e) Class 4 and Class 5 fire sprinkler/standpipe systems shall be protected by a reduced pressure principle backflow preventer conforming to
- (i) CSA B64.4, "Reduced pressure principle (RP) backflow preventers," or
- (ii) CSA B64.4.1, "Reduced pressure principle backflow preventers for fire protection systems (RPF),"
- (f) Class 6 fire sprinkler/standpipe systems shall be protected by a double check valve backflow preventer conforming to
- (i) CSA B64.5, "Double check valve (DCVA) backflow preventers," or
- (ii) CSA B64.5.1, "Double check valve backflow preventers for fire protection systems (DCVAF)."
- (g) where a potentially severe health hazard may be caused by backflow, Class 6 fire sprinkler/standpipe systems shall be protected by a reduced pressure principle backflow preventer conforming to
- (i) CSA B64.4, "Reduced pressure principle (RP) backflow preventers," or
- (ii) CSA B64.4.1, "Reduced pressure principle backflow preventers for fire protection systems (RPF)."
(3)Backflow preventers required by Sentence (2) shall be installed upstream of the fire department pumper connection.
(4)Where a reduced pressure principle backflow preventer is required on a water service pipe at a fire service connection located on the same premises as the fire service pipe in Class 3, 4, 5 and 6 fire sprinkler/standpipe systems, a reduced pressure principle backflow preventer conforming to CSA B64.4.1, "Reduced pressure principle backflow preventers for fire protection systems (RPF)," shall also be required on the fire service connection.
(1)Except as permitted by Sentence (2) and as provided in Sentences (3) and (4), a potable water system shall be protected against backflow where the heat transfer loop of a solar domestic hot water system is directly connected to the potable water system.
(2)Where the heat transfer loop of the solar domestic hot water system consists of direct flow-through of potable water only, protection against backflow is not required.
(3)A potable water system that is directly connected to the heat transfer loop of a solar domestic hot water system that serves a residential occupancy within the scope of Part 9 shall be provided with a backflow preventer selected in accordance with CAN/CSA-F379.1, "Packaged solar domestic hot water systems (liquid-to-liquid heat transfer) for all-season use."
(4)Where a solar domestic hot water system includes a single wall heat exchanger and contains only a relatively harmless heat transfer fluid as described in CAN/CSA-F379.1, "Packaged solar domestic hot water systems (liquid-to-liquid heat transfer) for all-season use", the backflow prevention required in Sentence (1) is permitted to be a dual check valve backflow preventer conforming to CSA B64.3, "Dual Check valve backflow preventers with atmospheric port (DCAP)".
(1)Buildings or facilities where a moderate hazard or severe hazard may be caused by backflow shall be provided with premise isolation of the potable water system by the installation of a backflow preventer selected in accordance with Clauses 5.3.4.2.(b) and (c) of CSA B64.10, "Selection and installation of backflow preventers."
(2)Buildings of residential occupancy within the scope of Part 9 are not required to be isolated unless they have access to an auxiliary water supply.
(3)Except as provided in Sentence (1), where no direct connection exists between the auxiliary water supply and the potable water system, premise isolation shall be provided by a dual check valve backflow preventer conforming to CSA B64.6, "Dual check valve (DuC) backflow preventers."
(1)Where a hose bibb is installed outside a building, inside a garage or in an area where there is an identifiable risk of contamination, the potable water system shall be protected against backflow through the hose bibb.
(1)A newly installed part of a potable water system shall be cleaned and then flushed with potable water before the system is put into operation.
(1)An air gap shall not be located in a noxious environment.
(2)Air gaps shall be not less than 25 mm high and at least twice the diameter of the opening of the water supply outlet in height.
(1)Where the critical level is not marked on an atmospheric vacuum breaker, pressure vacuum breaker or spill-resistant pressure vacuum breaker, the critical level shall be taken as the lowest point on the device.
(2)Where an atmospheric vacuum breaker is installed, it shall be located on the downstream side of the fixture control valve or faucet so that it will be subject to water supply pressure
- (a) only when the valve or faucet is open, and
- (b) for periods of continuous use not exceeding 12 h.
(3)An atmospheric vacuum breaker shall be installed so that the critical level is at least the distance specified by the manufacturer for safe operation of the device, but not less than 25 mm above
- (a) the flood level rim of a fixture or tank, or
- (b) the highest point open to the atmosphere in an irrigation system.
(4)A pressure vacuum breaker or spill-resistant pressure vacuum breaker shall be installed so that the critical level is not less than 300 mm above
- (a) the flood level rim of a fixture or tank, or
- (b) the highest point open to the atmosphere in an irrigation system.
(1)Tank-type water closets shall be provided with a back-siphonage preventer in conformance with Sentence 7.2.10.10.(2).
Size and Capacity of Pipes
(1)Water distribution systems shall be designed to provide peak demand flow when the flow pressures at the supply openings conform to the plumbing supply fitting manufacturer's specifications.
(2)Potable water systems shall be designed, fabricated and installed in accordance with good engineering practice, such as that described in the ASHRAE Handbooks and ASPE Plumbing Engineering Design Handbooks.
(3)Reserved.
(4)Pipes that supply a fixture shall have a capacity that will produce a flow in the fixture that will flush the fixture and keep it in a sanitary condition.
(1)Except as provided in Sentence (3), the hydraulic load of a fixture or device that is listed in Table 7.6.3.2.-A shall be the number of fixture units given in the Table.
(2)Except as provided in Sentences (1) and (3), the hydraulic load of a fixture that is not listed in Table 7.6.3.2.-A is the number of fixture units listed in Table 7.6.3.2-.D.
(3)Where fixtures are supplied with both hot and cold water, the hydraulic loads for maximum separate demands shall be 75% of the hydraulic load of the fixture units given in Tables 7.6.3.2.-A and 7.6.3.2.-D when using a detailed engineering design method.
(4)The hydraulic load of urinals and water closets with direct flush valves shall be the number of fixture units listed in Tables 7.6.3.2.-B and 7.6.3.2.-C.
(1)Where the static pressure at any fixture may exceed 550 kPa, a pressure-reducing valve shall be installed to limit the maximum static pressure at the fixture to 550 kPa.
(1)Water service pipes shall be sized according to the peak demand flow but shall not be less than NPS ¾.
(2)Except as provided in Sentence (3), the nominal pipe size of a supply pipe that serves a fixture shall conform to Table 7.6.3.2.-A.
(3)For fixtures listed in Table 7.6.3.2.-A that are permitted to have an NPS ⅜ supply pipe, a connector not more than 750 mm long and not less than NPS ¼ may be used to supply water to the fixture.
(4)No water system between the point of connection with the water service pipe or the water meter and the first water distribution pipe that supplies a water heater that serves more than one fixture shall be sized less than NPS ¾.
(5)Except as permitted in Sentence (6), where both hot and cold water is supplied to fixtures in residential buildings containing one or two dwelling units or row houses with separate water service pipes, the water system may be sized in accordance with Table 7.6.3.4., where
- (a) the hydraulic loads for maximum separate demands on water distribution system piping are not less than 100% of the total hydraulic load of the fixture units given in Table 7.6.3.2.-A, 7.6.3.2.-B, 7.6.3.2.-C or 7.6.3.2.-D for private use,
- (b) the minimum water pressure at the entry to the building is 200 kPa, and
- (c) the total maximum length of the water system is 90 m.
(6)Where both hot and cold water is supplied to fixtures in a house containing only one dwelling unit, the water service pipe is permitted to be a minimum of NPS ¾ in provided,
- (a) a minimum NPS ¾ water supply piping located in the basement or lower level is extended to the base of every hot and cold riser that serves a maximum of one bathroom group and to the last water supply branch serving any basement bathroom group, fixture supply or hose bibb, and
- (b) the total hydraulic load is not more than 26 fixture units, using the values given in Table 7.6.3.2.-A.
| Fixture or Device | Minimum Nominal Pipe Size of Supply Pipe, NPS | Private Use Hydraulic Load, fixture units (Cold) | Private Use Hydraulic Load, fixture units (Hot) | Private Use Hydraulic Load, fixture units (Total) | Public Use Hydraulic Load, fixture units (Cold) | Public Use Hydraulic Load, fixture units (Hot) | Public Use Hydraulic Load, fixture units (Total) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bathroom group with 6 LPF flush tank | n/a | 2.7 | 1.5 | 3.6 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Bathroom group with greater than 6 LPF flush tank | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Bathroom group with more than 3 fixtures | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Bathtub with or without shower head | 1/2 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| Bathtub with NPS ¾ spout | 3/4 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
| Bedpan washer | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
| Bidet | 3/8 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Clothes washer, 3.5 kg | 1/2 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 2.25 | 2.25 | 2.25 | 2.25 |
| Clothes washer, 6.8 kg | 1/2 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Clothes washer, commercial | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Dental lavatory | 3/8 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Dental unit, cuspidor | 3/8 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Dishwasher, commercial | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Dishwasher, domestic | 3/8 | n/a | 1.4 | 1.4 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Drinking fountain or water cooler | 3/8 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 0.25 | n/a | 0.25 |
| Hose bibb | 1/2 | 2.5 | n/a | 2.5 | 2.5 | n/a | 2.5 |
| Hose bibb | 3/4 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Hose bibb, combination hot and cold | 1/2 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.5 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.5 |
| Lavatory, 8.3 LPM or less | 3/8 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Lavatory, greater than 8.3 LPM | 3/8 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Shower head, 9.5 LPM or less per head | 1/2 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| Shower head, greater than 9.5 LPM per head | 1/2 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Shower, spray, multi-head, fixture unit per head | 1/2 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| Sink, bar | 3/8 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Sink, clinic service faucet | 1/2 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 2.25 | 2.25 | 2.25 |
| Sink, clinic service with direct flush valve | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Sink, kitchen, commercial, per faucet | 1/2 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Sink, kitchen, domestic, 8.3 LPM or less | 3/8 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| Sink, kitchen, domestic, greater than 8.3 LPM | 3/8 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Sink, laboratory | 3/8 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Sink, laundry (1 or 2 compartments) | 3/8 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| Sink, service or mop basin | 1/2 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 2.25 | 2.25 | 2.25 |
| Sink, washup, per faucet | 1/2 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Urinal, with direct flush valve | 3/4 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Urinal, with flush tank | 3/8 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Urinal, with self-closing metering valve | 1/2 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Water closet, 6 LPF or less with flush tank | 3/8 | 2.2 | n/a | 2.2 | 2.2 | n/a | 2.2 |
| Water closet, greater than 6 LPF with flush tank | 3/8 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Water closet, with direct flush valve | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Number of Valves | Individual Fixture Units Assigned in Decreasing Values | Fixture Units in Accumulative Values |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5 | 5 |
| 2 | 5 | 8 |
| 3 | 5 | 12 |
| 4 | 5 | 16 |
| 5 or more | 5 each | 58, plus 5 for each additional fixture in excess of 5 |
| Number of Valves | Individual Fixture Units Assigned in Decreasing Values | Fixture Units in Accumulative Values |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10 for each public use, and 6 for each private use | 10 for each public use, and 6 for each private use |
| 2 | 10 for each public use, and 6 for each private use | 18 for each public use, and 11 for each private use |
| 3 | 10 for each public use, and 6 for each private use | 27 for each public use, and 16 for each private use |
| 4 | 10 for each public use, and 6 for each private use | 35 for each public use, and 21 for each private use |
| 5 or more | 10 for each public use, and 6 for each private use | 115, plus 10 for each public use additional fixture in excess of 5, and 111, plus 6 for each private use additional fixture in excess of 5 |
| Nominal Pipe Size of Supply Pipe, NPS | Hydraulic Load, fixture units (Private Use) | Hydraulic Load, fixture units (Public Use) |
|---|---|---|
| ⅜ | 1 | 1.5 |
| ½ | 2 | 3 |
| ¾ | 5 | 5 |
| Nominal Pipe Size of Water Pipe, NPS | Water Velocity m/s (3.0) | Water Velocity m/s (2.4) | Water Velocity m/s (1.5) | Hydraulic Load, fixture units |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ½ | 4 | 3 | 2 | 4 |
| ¾ | 10 | 8 | 5 | 10 |
| 1 | 18 | 15 | 9 | 18 |
| 1¼ | 32 | 26 | 16 | 32 |
(1)The maximum permitted water velocities shall be those recommended by the pipe and fitting manufacturer.
Water Efficiency
(1)Each lavatory in a washroom with fixtures for public use shall be equipped with a device capable of automatically shutting off the flow of water when the lavatory is not in use.
(2)An automatic compensating valve serving an individual shower head shall have a manufacturer's minimum-rated water flow rate equal to or less than the shower head it serves.
(3)Where multiple shower heads installed in a public showering facility are served by one temperature control, each shower head shall be equipped with a device capable of automatically shutting off the flow of water when the shower head is not in use.